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db.collection.explain()

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Description

db.collection.explain()

mongo Shell Method

This page documents the mongo shell method, and does not refer to the MongoDB Node.js driver (or any other driver) method. For corresponding MongoDB driver API, refer to your specific MongoDB driver documentation instead.

Returns information on the query plan for the following methods:

Starting in MongoDB 3.0 Starting in MongoDB 3.2 Starting in MongoDB 4.4

To use db.collection.explain(), append one of the aforementioned methods to db.collection.explain():

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db.collection.explain().<method(...)>

For example,

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db.products.explain().remove( { category: "apparel" }, { justOne: true } )

For more examples, see Examples. See also db.collection.explain().help().

The db.collection.explain() method has the following parameter:

Parameter Type Description
verbosity string

Optional. Specifies the verbosity mode for the explain output. The mode affects the behavior of explain() and determines the amount of information to return. The possible modes are:

  • "queryPlanner" (Default)
  • "executionStats"
  • "allPlansExecution"

For backwards compatibility with earlier versions of cursor.explain(), MongoDB interprets true as "allPlansExecution" and false as "queryPlanner".

For more information on the modes, see Verbosity Modes.

Behavior

Verbosity Modes

The behavior of db.collection.explain() and the amount of information returned depend on the verbosity mode.

By default, db.collection.explain() runs in queryPlanner verbosity mode.

MongoDB runs the query optimizer to choose the winning plan for the operation under evaluation. db.collection.explain() returns the queryPlanner information for the evaluated method.

MongoDB runs the query optimizer to choose the winning plan, executes the winning plan to completion, and returns statistics describing the execution of the winning plan.

For write operations, db.collection.explain() returns information about the update or delete operations that would be performed, but does not apply the modifications to the database.

db.collection.explain() returns the queryPlanner and executionStats information for the evaluated method. However, executionStats does not provide query execution information for the rejected plans.

MongoDB runs the query optimizer to choose the winning plan and executes the winning plan to completion. In "allPlansExecution" mode, MongoDB returns statistics describing the execution of the winning plan as well as statistics for the other candidate plans captured during plan selection.

For write operations, db.collection.explain() returns information about the update or delete operations that would be performed, but does not apply the modifications to the database.

db.collection.explain() returns the queryPlanner and executionStats information for the evaluated method. The executionStats includes the completed query execution information for the winning plan.

If the query optimizer considered more than one plan, executionStats information also includes the partial execution information captured during the plan selection phase for both the winning and rejected candidate plans.

Explain and Write Operations

For write operations, db.collection.explain() returns information about the write operation that would be performed but does not actually modify the database.

Restrictions

Starting in MongoDB 4.2, you cannot run the explain command/db.collection.explain() in executionStats mode or allPlansExecution mode for an aggregation pipeline that contains the $out stage. Instead, you can either:

  • run the explain in queryPlanner mode or
  • run the explain in executionStats mode or allPlansExecution mode but without the $out stage to return information for the stages that precede the $out stage.

explain() Mechanics

The db.collection.explain() method wraps the explain command and is the preferred way to run explain.

db.collection.explain().find() is similar to db.collection.find().explain() with the following key differences:

  • The db.collection.explain().find() construct allows for the additional chaining of query modifiers. For list of query modifiers, see db.collection.explain().find().help().
  • The db.collection.explain().find() returns a cursor, which requires a call to .next(), or its alias .finish(), to return the explain() results. If run interactively in the mongo shell, the mongo shell automatically calls .finish() to return the results. For scripts, however, you must explicitly call .next(), or .finish(), to return the results. For list of cursor-related methods, see db.collection.explain().find().help().

db.collection.explain().aggregate() is equivalent to passing the explain option to the db.collection.aggregate() method.

help()

To see the list of operations supported by db.collection.explain(), run:

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db.collection.explain().help()

db.collection.explain().find() returns a cursor, which allows for the chaining of query modifiers. To see the list of query modifiers supported by db.collection.explain().find() as well as cursor-related methods, run:

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db.collection.explain().find().help()

You can chain multiple modifiers to db.collection.explain().find(). For an example, see Explain find() with Modifiers.

Examples

queryPlanner Mode

By default, db.collection.explain() runs in "queryPlanner" verbosity mode.

The following example runs db.collection.explain() in "queryPlanner" verbosity mode to return the query planning information for the specified count() operation:

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db.products.explain().count( { quantity: { $gt: 50 } } )

executionStats Mode

The following example runs db.collection.explain() in "executionStats" verbosity mode to return the query planning and execution information for the specified find() operation:

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db.products.explain("executionStats").find(
   { quantity: { $gt: 50 }, category: "apparel" }
)

allPlansExecution Mode

The following example runs db.collection.explain() in "allPlansExecution" verbosity mode. The db.collection.explain() returns the queryPlanner and executionStats for all considered plans for the specified update() operation:

Note

The execution of this explain will not modify data but runs the query predicate of the update operation. For candidate plans, MongoDB returns the execution information captured during the plan selection phase.

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db.products.explain("allPlansExecution").update(
   { quantity: { $lt: 1000}, category: "apparel" },
   { $set: { reorder: true } }
)

Explain find() with Modifiers

db.collection.explain().find() construct allows for the chaining of query modifiers. For example, the following operation provides information on the find() method with sort() and hint() query modifiers.

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db.products.explain("executionStats").find(
   { quantity: { $gt: 50 }, category: "apparel" }
).sort( { quantity: -1 } ).hint( { category: 1, quantity: -1 } )

For a list of query modifiers available, run in the mongo shell:

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db.collection.explain().find().help()

Iterate the explain().find() Return Cursor

db.collection.explain().find() returns a cursor to the explain results. If run interactively in the mongo shell, the mongo shell automatically iterates the cursor using the .next() method. For scripts, however, you must explicitly call .next() (or its alias .finish()) to return the results:

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var explainResult = db.products.explain().find( { category: "apparel" } ).next();

Output

db.collection.explain() operations can return information regarding:

  • queryPlanner, which details the plan selected by the query optimizer and lists the rejected plans;
  • executionStats, which details the execution of the winning plan and the rejected plans; and
  • serverInfo, which provides information on the MongoDB instance.

The verbosity mode (i.e. queryPlanner, executionStats, allPlansExecution) determines whether the results include executionStats and whether executionStats includes data captured during plan selection.

For details on the output, see Explain Results.

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